Oxygen gas is colorless, odorless, and tasteless. It's usually purified by fractional distillation of liquefied air, but the element is found in many compounds, such as water, silica, and carbon dioxide.
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Nitrogen (N2) is a colorless, odorless and tasteless gas that makes up 78.09% (by volume) of the air we breathe. It is nonflammable and it will not support combustion.
Nitrogen gas is slightly lighter than air and slightly soluble in water. It is commonly thought of and used as an inert gas; but it is not truly inert. It forms nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide with oxygen, ammonia with hydrogen, and nitrogen sulfide with sulfur. Nitrogen compounds are formed naturally through biological activity. Compounds are also formed at high temperature or at moderate temperature with the aid of catalysts. At high temperatures, nitrogen will combine with active metals, such as lithium, magnesium and titanium to form nitrides. Nitrogen is necessary for various biological processes, and is used as a fertilizer, usually in the form of ammonia or ammonia-based compounds. Compounds formed with halogens and certain organic compounds can be explosive.
Carbon dioxide is a gas consisting of one part carbon and two parts oxygen. It is one of the most important gases on the earth because plants use it to produce carbohydrates in a process called photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant, in fire extinguishers, for inflating life rafts and life jackets, blasting coal, foaming rubber and plastics, promoting the growth of plants in greenhouses, immobilizing animals before slaughter, and in carbonated beverages.
Hydrogen gas is nowadays a very promising and renewable source of clean energy. The automobile sector, fuel cell users and manufacturers, and chemical industries that produce hydrogen peroxide or hydrogen gas suppliers might be the target beneficiaries to use the hydrogen gas produced by microbial electrolysis cell. The utilization of this e-waste into material for electrode preparation simultaneously mitigates the threat for environmental issues together with clean energy generation.
High purity industrial gases are routinely delivered in large quantities having purities exceeding 99.999% (>5 nines pure). Other commodity materials, whether in liquid or solid form, much less typically have purity exceeding 99.9%. There are many applications for gases where purity even higher than 99.999% is required. To service these applications, the technology for manufacturing and delivering high purity gases has developed into a multibillion dollar business worldwide.